Internal-combustion locomotive



iMay 3, 1927.

S. M. BCKSTRM Y INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN LocoMoTI'vE Filed Ja/n. 1e. 1922 Inven' YlLl'JfJLs him Patented May 3, 1927.

l f UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE.

SIGUBD IATTIAS BCXSTBI, 0F STOCKHOLI, SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR T0 AKTIEBOLA- AGET VAPORACIUIULATOR, OiF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, A OORJORATION.`

mman-conmemora Locolro'rlvii.

application mea :magy is, 11ml. serial in. 539,788, and in sweden January 22, 192i.

lInternal combustion `enginesl and' .cially Diesel-engines which. are used with great advantage in stationary lplants and vessels havenothitherto been used tofany greater extent in railwa service depending partly on the fact that t e internal combustion engines cannot develop any notable v starting torque and partly on the fact that they vdo not answer the requirements for l0 overload capacity, which is necessary in railway service in upgrades and curves.

o This invention hasfor one purpose to pro vide improved means forI propelling locomotives and consists,`in the pre erred form, in

l5 a combination of'a Diesel or other internal combustion 'en ine and a steam storer wherein the norm operations are effected b means of said combustion engine while the 'start' and certain overload operations are 9 effec by means of steam supphed by the storer. f

Another purpose is to provide a novel and eilicient' arrangement of p arts with respect toemovable-carriages as will more fully appear hereinafter.v Other objects and advantages ofrthe invention will be'apparentl as the' description proceeds.,` y

The invention will be full described in Connection withFigs. 1 and In Fig. 1, 1 indicates tlieinternal combus- `J tion engine, and 2 the compressor belongingl to the same. 3 is thesteam motor;v which is connected with the'steam storerv on the tender. 6 is a steam'boiler, provided w1th a set of tubes 7. A conduit connects exhaustgases from the internal combustion engine 1 l to the steam boiler. 9 i's the outlet for the gases from the boiler. .10 indicates an o`1l burner, which isinot always necessary. 11

'- atl I1 H t through which the steam is suppli to the; 'storen Storer 5 -may be withdrawn Kin the storer h a eonduit.'13,'for example, for heating with a 'safety-valve 14.

lFig. 1 shows a locomotive provided with l an internal combustion engine and a steam f motor and `a tender on which a steam generv ator or boiler and a steam storer are arses may also be supplied with steam from'anoutside source througrla conduit 12. Steam v e i The storer is furthermore provided,n

g be 'recuperated from said waste vases.

present invention is as follows:

'Ihe steam storer is a well insulated receptacle,illed to the greatest part with water or vother substance adapted to storersteam and heat., In this accumulator the heat of the exhaust gases of the internal combus' tion en ine is stored in the forin of heat of fluid. ese gases generally have a tem erature of 500 Centgrade and thereere, rather a considerable quantity of heat may The operation of a locomotive according to the y steam t us produced passes to the steam engine 3, by means of which the train is brought in motion. The pressure will then gradually sink in the storerso long as steam is withdrawn. As is well known, the greatest amount of power isreq'uired at the moment of starti when the pressure in the storer isvthe hig est, which obvious] facilitates an effective starting. vAfter t e train has been brought up to a fair speed in this way, the steam is cut olf and the Diesel-en- `ne lswitched in to take over the workom the steam motor 3.

The heat of the exhaust gases from the Diesel-engine is su plied, in the manner above described, to t e steam boiler 6, from ywhich boiler the steam generated by this heat is supplied. to the storer through the alpparatus 11. The storer will thus arge' by degrees during operation. ust as in the case of startin taken from the storer 5 to the steam e 3 in order to obtain increased tractive e ort in gradients, and'the like. Obviously, steam may also be drawn from the storer for the maneuvering of the Diesel-e e 1, for instance, for the Starting an thereof.'

, steam maybey reversing From the description above, it is evident l that the storerl is charged dur o ration of the internal combustion e ad that starting and over-loads may of' by meansv of steam from' the storer.

engine 1 is in operation the safety valve' of Npw, it is possible that when the Diesel-V taken. care loesV the steam storer will begin'to blow o' steam,

yreasonoftoohi ghacharge. Insuchcase" e, load onthe Diesel-engine v1 may be re-- 'motive according to the invention is ready` for starting at any instant during the said period.

When required, however, the storer may be char ed by supplying heat thereto in some ot er way, as above mentioned, for inst-ance, by firing with oil, that is to say, in eases where the storer happens to be discharged when the locomotive is to-be put into operation, aswell as on overloads of longer duration, in long gradients, when the steam motor may be'resorted to for assist# ance, as above mentioned.

' In certain cases it may also be suitable to charge the storer in some way during the stops at the stations and this may take place between the storer and the boiler.

of steam boiler and storer. As before 5 is the steam storer. The exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine on the loco` motive are supplied and they have to pass through conduit- 8 and a set' 0f tubes7, arranged in the storer, whereby the water in the same is heated. The gases leave the apparatus through theV openmg 9. Even here an oil `burner 10 magr be arranged to be used in case-the storer s charged when a sta-rt is to take lace 0r when it is necessa a l'ong duration. ithdrawal of steam for use in the steam engine on the locomotive can, as before, be effected through a conduit 4 or through a conduit 13 for other pur oses, for instance, for heating the train. team,

mayalso be supplied t-o the storer from any steam source through ipe 12. An even distribution of the supp 'ed steam is obtained by a steam distributor 11, arranged in the same `way as described in connect-ion with Fi 1. l 'Ihe present invention offers the following great advantages overp'reviously known lovthat the thermal eiciency proba comotivcs:

' (1) On account ofthe employment of a steam motor, very great starting and overload torques may be obtained in the same Imanneras 1n acommon steam' locomotive, `and such torques may be even greater by reason of the very at quantity of steam which is momentari y` available. Y.

(2),4 In comparison with the common steam locomotives, this locomotive shows.v an enormous saving of fuel consumption, in lyl rises scribed.v v 'f What I claim isz' ould happen to be dis'- y tohandl over oads ofv from 3-7 percent up to aboutithat of the Diesel-engine. The new method ,also Shows a considerable saving of fuel, as compared with the Asolutions previously suggested for this problem. This fuel economy is attained partly because the losses connected' with an electrical transmission niay be avoided, and partly because the heat of the exhaust gases isutilized according to the prent invention. I

(3)- As cmpared with electric, transmission, the costs of construction will be much lower in the system according to the. invention.- v

(4) Steam'for heating the train may be and preferably is taken from the storer.

(5)..Above v`all, the combination with a steam storer is advantageous in case Iit is suddenly necessary to apply brakes, such braking, as is wellknown, being effectively done with the aid of steam.

(6) The receptacle or the storer fectively serves as a silencer.

(7) Moreover, this arrangement in particular shows that the locomotives now in through the conduit 12, connected with-the use may easily-be altered according to the pige system forming the object of the present V`inig. 2 is a modificationof the tender above. described which shows a combination unitl l which fall within the scope of the invention and it isto be' understood that I am not i limited -to thelmodilications shown and de- 1`. The method of propelling a locomotive which com burning oil in an explosion engine an Iapplying the force produced to drive the locomotive under normal running conditions, conducting exhaust ases from the explosion engine. to a sur ace heater very 'efand transferring the heat therein to water and thereby producing I l steam, storing the steam thus reduced 1n `water, producing steamfrom t e last mentioned water by drop of pressure at times when suilicent power cannot be obtained from the explosion engine, and utilizing the steam to produce power for driving the locomotive.

. 2. A locomotive comprising a steam motor,

a .Diesel enginea steam storer, a steam beller, means to conduct exhaust gases from said en ine to said boiler, means to conduct vsteamrom said boiler to said storerand.

means to release steamfromthe water-in said storer'b drop of pressure and to conduct steam rom said storer to said steamv motor. v v

3. A looomotive comprising a first movable carrla e, a steam motor and a-Diesel engine on y first carriage, a second movable carringe, a steam storer onV said second car.- riage, means to transfer thev heat of Jexhaust gases of said engine to water in said sterer lll Leemans and means release steam from the vvater engine to water in said storer 'and means of pressure and to conduct steam to release steam from the water in said storer by drop of pressure and to lconduct steam from said storer to said motor.

5. A locomotive comprising a first movable carriage, a steam motor and a Diesel engine on said `irst carriage, a second movable carriage, a steam boiler and a steam storer on said second movable carriage, means to conduct exhaust gases from said engine to said boiler, Ymeans to conduct steam Irom said boiler to said storer, and means to release steam from the water in said storer by drop from said storer to saidmotor. l

6. A locomotive comprising a Diesel engine, propelling means, a steam storer,`

meansV to transfer the heat of exhaust gases of said Diesel engine to said storer and means to release steam from the Water in -said storer by drop of pressure and to cori-I duct steam from said Storex' to said y proplling means.

lwith their driving L 7 The method of ,propelling a locomotive which comprises burning oil in anvexplosion engine andl applying the force produced to drive the locomotive under normal running conditions, utilizing the exhaust gases of theexplosion .engine to heat water, storing the water thus heated, reducing steam from the water by drop o pressure at times when sufficient power cannot be` obtained from the explosion engine, and utilizing the steam to produce power for driving the locomotive. 8. A combined steam and internal combustion engine locomotive ,in which the steam generator is supported upon one vehicle unit or truckand the steam and internal combustion engine cylinders together with their joint wer 'transmission mechanism are carrie by a separate .truck or vehicle. p, s 9.. A combined ,steam and internal combustion engine locomotive in which the steam generator is su ported upon one vehicle unit r truck an the steam and internal combustion engine cylinders together s l ar are carriedK by a separate truck or ve `cle. In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

`sloom) MATTIAS BcKsTRM, 

